WHEN NATURAL HAZARDS BECOME A
DISASTER
●
Where
does this kind of hazard occur?
●
What causes the hazard?
A hazard is any agent that can cause harm or
damage to humans, property or the environment.
● How much warning is there?
This hazard are very dangerous
because can destroyed a lot of thing.
●
What
sort of damage does it do to people and the environment?
Eruptions
occurring close to human settlements may spill and destroy lives and property.
People often have to be evacuated. As well houses, buildings, roads and fields can be covered with
ashes. If the ashfall
is really heavy it can make it impossible to breathe.
Volcanic eruptions can be extremely damaging to the
environment, particularly because of a number of toxic gases possibly present
in pyroclastic material.
● How
are different people affected? Who would be most affected?
- Emissions of particulate material
(PM): Being breathable, irremediably will cause effects on the health of
people.
-
Hydrogen sulfide: highly poisonous.
- Concentrations of sulfur dioxide
(SO2).
● Why
might people live in an area affected by this type of hazard?
The effects of volcanoes in cities and towns after an
eruption can vary from no effect at all to a catastrophe of immeasurable
magnitude depending on the size of the explosion or eruption and atmospheric
conditions. It has already happened before the atmospheric conditions eliminate
the ash from the city. On the other hand, the same conditions could direct all
the harmful effects of lava, ash and volcanic material directly into the city,
causing thousands of deaths or injuries.
●
How
could people prepare for this type of disaster?
If
you live near an active volcno, keep glasses and a mask in an emergency kit,
along with a flashlight and a battery operated radio. Save an emergency
preparedness kit. Create an evacuation plan for the home that includes your
pets. Stay informed about the risk and response plans of your community. Prepare an emergency kit for pets for
your pets.
●
What
support might affected people need in order to rebuild their lives?Support
friends and family.
PREPARING FOR A NATURAL DISASTER
●
Who
might help in the event of a disaster?
The
authorities, the firemen, the rescuers and the volunteers.
●
What
can you do to prepare for a disaster?
In the first
the people need a emergency kit.
Because we
have to survive without help after the phenomenon, which means that we will need food, water and other
supplies in sufficient quantity to support for at least three days.
And:
Flashlight
and extra batteries
Manual
Essential
medicines
Respiratory
(breathing) protection
Eye
protection (goggles)
Battery-powered radio
●
How
do you think preparing for a disaster such as a fire can help if a disaster
occurs?
You can
prepare or create a building for refugee of fire when the fire are active
●
How
might people in a developing country prepare for a similar disaster?
They can be
prepared following these steps:
1.
Make sure you have all the necessary
foods for a few days
2.
Include additional items such as first aid kit, radio, batteries,
sleeping bags, maps and a flashlight.
3. turn off all electronic devices
●
Why
might there be differences?
The
difference is money and other protections.
●
Where
and with what frequency does this disaster occur in the focus country?
In “Nevados
de Chillán” is a group of stratovolcanoes located in the Andes of the Bío Bío
Region, Chile, and is one of the most active volcanoes in the region. The
eruptions of this complex vary from lava emissions in short periods of time
that do not imply an eminent danger for the nearby population.
●
How
does it affect the environment?
Some of the
gases that are released into the air, due to a volcanic eruption, include
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, fluorine, chlorine, hydrogen
sulfide and others.
The effects
of volcanoes on the environment depend on weather patterns, the global scale of
the eruption and the amount of greenhouse gas propagation. Another
environmental problem is the ash that is released when a volcano erupts,
depending Try to know the history of each volcano on the size of the eruption
could cause a volcanic winter.
●
What
are some of the activities undertaken to reduce the impact of the disaster?
-
Try to know the history of each
volcano.
-
Analyze the symptoms of the beginning
of the eruptions through observatories located in the volcanoes.
-
Water heating in aquifers and in
general increased temperature in the subsoil.
- Abnormalities of gravity.
-
Analysis of the gases emitted.
-
Monitoring of the volcano.
Development of risk and hazard maps.
